ANSWERS

What is occlusal vertical dimension?

Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is the distance between the maxilla and mandible when the teeth are in maximum intercuspation. It governs facial height, lip support, phonetics, and TMJ load. Per the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry (2019), OVD loss averages 0.3 mm per decade after age 40 from attrition and tooth lo...

THE SHORT ANSWER

Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) is the distance between the maxilla and mandible when the teeth are in maximum intercuspation. It governs facial height, lip support, phonetics, and TMJ load. Per the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry (2019), OVD loss averages 0.3 mm per decade after age 40 from attrition and tooth lo...

THE FULL PICTURE

Why it works this way

Why OVD matters in lab work

Occlusal vertical dimension is the measured distance between two reference points (typically nasion to gnathion, or marked points on the upper and lower face) when the posterior teeth are in full occlusal contact. It is the dimension every full-arch, full-mouth rehab, and complete denture case is built around. Get it wrong and the case fails on esthetics, phonetics, or TMJ comfort, regardless of how well the individual units were fabricated.

RELATED QUESTIONS

More on this topic

How much can you open OVD safely in a full-mouth rehab?
The conservative range cited in prosthodontic literature is 2-5 mm of opening at the incisal edge, which corresponds to roughly 1-2 mm at the condyle. Openings beyond 5 mm carry higher risk of muscle adaptation issues and should be staged with a removable splint trial before definitive restoration. Dani Dental builds PMMA provisionals at the planned OVD so the clinician can verify patient tolerance for 4-12 weeks before the final prosthetic is milled.
What records does Dani Dental need to fabricate a case at a new OVD?
We need the intended OVD measurement with the capture method noted (rest position minus freeway space, closest speaking space, or pre-extraction reference), centric relation bite records, full-arch intraoral scans or impressions, a facebow transfer or equivalent digital articulator mounting data, and CBCT for implant cases. The technician assigned to the case will call the referring clinician directly to confirm the planning details before any wax-up or digital design work begins.
Can OVD be verified digitally before the final prosthetic is milled?
Yes. Dani Dental's digital workflow lets the clinician review the planned OVD in the design software using the mounted scan data, then approve a PMMA try-in milled at the planned dimension. The patient wears the PMMA provisional for the agreed trial period, the clinician confirms phonetics and lip support, and only then do we mill the final zirconia, hybrid, or ceramic restoration. This verification step is standard on every full-arch case we run.

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